2352 lines
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<meta name="twitter:description" property="og:description" itemprop="description" content="Whats the most efficient way to search for a sub string in SQLite?

I'm looking at the LIKE operator.

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http://www.sqlite.org/lang_expr.html
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href="/"
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href="/questions"
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data-gps-track="top_nav.click({is_current:true, location:2, destination:1})"
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<h1 itemprop="name" class="fs-headline1 ow-break-word mb8 grid--cell fl1"><a href="/questions/3671761/how-to-search-for-a-substring-in-sqlite" class="question-hyperlink">How to search for a substring in SQLite?</a></h1>
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<p>Whats the most efficient way to search for a sub string in SQLite?</p>
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<p>I'm looking at the LIKE operator.</p>
|
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<p>Do I have the right idea? Has this worked well for you?</p>
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<p><a href="http://www.sqlite.org/lang_expr.html" rel="noreferrer">http://www.sqlite.org/lang_expr.html</a></p>
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<p>Thank You.</p>
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<a href="/questions/tagged/sql" class="post-tag" title="show questions tagged 'sql'" rel="tag">sql</a> <a href="/questions/tagged/database" class="post-tag" title="show questions tagged 'database'" rel="tag">database</a> <a href="/questions/tagged/sqlite" class="post-tag" title="show questions tagged 'sqlite'" rel="tag">sqlite</a> <a href="/questions/tagged/database-design" class="post-tag" title="show questions tagged 'database-design'" rel="tag">database-design</a>
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data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 4, priv: 0, post_type: 1 })">edited <span title="2019-07-23 18:29:30Z" class="relativetime">Jul 23 '19 at 18:29</span></a>
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asked <span title="2010-09-08 20:48:57Z" class="relativetime">Sep 8 '10 at 20:48</span>
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<span class="comment-copy">@pmg: Using the SQLite API in C.</span>
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– <a href="/users/52256/t-t-t"
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<span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"><span title="2010-09-08 21:09:31Z, License: CC BY-SA 2.5" class="relativetime-clean">Sep 8 '10 at 21:09</span></span>
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<p>Yepper, use Like. <code>Select id from sometable where name like '%omm%'</code> would return any row that had 'omm' anywhere in the name column.</p>
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answered <span title="2010-09-08 20:51:16Z" class="relativetime">Sep 8 '10 at 20:51</span>
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<span class="comment-copy">what if the string actually contained the "%" character. What does SQLite do in that case?</span>
|
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– <a href="/users/52256/t-t-t"
|
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title="29,813 reputation"
|
|||
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class="comment-user owner">T.T.T.</a>
|
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<span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"><span title="2010-09-08 21:18:07Z, License: CC BY-SA 2.5" class="relativetime-clean">Sep 8 '10 at 21:18</span></span>
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<span class="comment-copy">There's an ESCAPE keyword that lets you define an escape character so that you can query on % or _. See: <a href="http://www.sqlite.org/lang_expr.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">sqlite.org/lang_expr.html</a> So you'd do something like "select id from mytable where name like '%somename\%%' escape '\'</span>
|
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– <a href="/users/156671/grandmasterb"
|
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title="3,220 reputation"
|
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class="comment-user">GrandmasterB</a>
|
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<span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"><span title="2010-09-08 21:24:27Z, License: CC BY-SA 2.5" class="relativetime-clean">Sep 8 '10 at 21:24</span></span>
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<svg aria-hidden="true" class="va-text-bottom o50 svg-icon iconPencilSm" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 14 14"><path d="m11.1 1.71 1.13 1.12c.2.2.2.51 0 .71L11.1 4.7 9.21 2.86l1.17-1.15c.2-.2.51-.2.71 0zM2 10.12l6.37-6.43 1.88 1.88L3.88 12H2v-1.88z"/></svg>
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<span class="comment-copy">warning: this is case insensitive.</span>
|
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– <a href="/users/2848483/bren"
|
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title="2,910 reputation"
|
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class="comment-user">Bren</a>
|
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<span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"><span title="2016-04-07 02:56:31Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0" class="relativetime-clean">Apr 7 '16 at 2:56</span></span>
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<span class="comment-copy">does it return true if the string starts or ends with 'omm' @GrandmasterB</span>
|
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– <a href="/users/8272646/ahmed-rajab"
|
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title="429 reputation"
|
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class="comment-user">Ahmed Rajab</a>
|
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<span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"><span title="2017-09-23 18:06:13Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0" class="relativetime-clean">Sep 23 '17 at 18:06</span></span>
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<span class="comment-copy">@AhmadRajab in that example, it returns all rows that have "omm" anywhere in the string.</span>
|
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|
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– <a href="/users/156671/grandmasterb"
|
|||
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title="3,220 reputation"
|
|||
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class="comment-user">GrandmasterB</a>
|
|||
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<span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"><span title="2017-09-24 05:34:30Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0" class="relativetime-clean">Sep 24 '17 at 5:34</span></span>
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<a class="js-show-link comments-link " title="Expand to show all comments on this post" href=# onclick="" role="button">Show <b>2</b> more comments</a>
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<a name="3671892"></a>
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|
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<p>You <em>can</em> use <code>LIKE</code>, but it gets <em>really</em> slow if the pattern you're searching for starts with <code>'%'</code> -- i.e., if the substring you're looking for isn't necessarily at the beginning of the field.</p>
|
|||
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|
|||
|
|
<p>If you need to do such searches, consider using <a href="http://cvs.hwaci.com/fts3.html" rel="noreferrer">FTS3</a>, which makes full-text searching considerably more efficient.</p>
|
|||
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|
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|
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answered <span title="2010-09-08 21:04:34Z" class="relativetime">Sep 8 '10 at 21:04</span>
|
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|
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|
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<a href="/users/179910/jerry-coffin"><div class="gravatar-wrapper-32"><img src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/d8962238339d771f0348967be6f97b1b?s=32&d=identicon&r=PG" alt="" width="32" height="32" class="bar-sm"></div></a>
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|
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<a href="/users/179910/jerry-coffin">Jerry Coffin</a><span class="d-none" itemprop="name">Jerry Coffin</span>
|
|||
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|
<div class="-flair">
|
|||
|
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<span class="reputation-score" title="reputation score 437,541" dir="ltr">438k</span><span title="71 gold badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge1"></span><span class="badgecount">71</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">71 gold badges</span><span title="570 silver badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge2"></span><span class="badgecount">570</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">570 silver badges</span><span title="1035 bronze badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge3"></span><span class="badgecount">1035</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">1035 bronze badges</span>
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|
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|
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<span class="comment-copy">Interesting, is there a lot of overhead to use FTS3? Can it be used with the SQLite API in C?</span>
|
|||
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|
|||
|
|
– <a href="/users/52256/t-t-t"
|
|||
|
|
title="29,813 reputation"
|
|||
|
|
class="comment-user owner">T.T.T.</a>
|
|||
|
|
<span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"><span title="2010-09-08 21:09:11Z, License: CC BY-SA 2.5" class="relativetime-clean">Sep 8 '10 at 21:09</span></span>
|
|||
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<span class="comment-copy">@Tommy: I'm not sure what overhead would qualify as a lot from your perspective. Yes, it can be used from the C API.</span>
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– <a href="/users/179910/jerry-coffin"
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title="437,541 reputation"
|
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class="comment-user">Jerry Coffin</a>
|
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<span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"><span title="2010-09-08 21:44:57Z, License: CC BY-SA 2.5" class="relativetime-clean">Sep 8 '10 at 21:44</span></span>
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<span class="comment-copy">The FTS extension is included in the SQLite distribution. You just need to read the docs and turn it on at build time. Note that it will build a non-negligibly sized index with which it works its magic...</span>
|
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– <a href="/users/68204/rberteig"
|
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title="38,381 reputation"
|
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class="comment-user">RBerteig</a>
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<span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"><span title="2010-09-09 07:27:44Z, License: CC BY-SA 2.5" class="relativetime-clean">Sep 9 '10 at 7:27</span></span>
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<span class="comment-copy">I found this slightly ambiguous. By <code>If you need to do such searches</code> do you mean pattern starts at the beginning of the field or does not start at the beginning? Because fts in SQLite doesn't support suffix matches.</span>
|
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|
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– <a href="/users/2005415/jason"
|
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title="2,064 reputation"
|
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class="comment-user">Jason</a>
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<span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"><span title="2019-03-13 00:59:10Z, License: CC BY-SA 4.0" class="relativetime-clean">Mar 13 '19 at 0:59</span></span>
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<a name="54059634"></a>
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<div class="js-vote-count grid--cell fc-black-500 fs-title grid fd-column ai-center" itemprop="upvoteCount" data-value="4">4</div>
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<p>Years have passed since the question was asked and answered and in 2012 SQLite version 3.7.15 introduced a function <code>instr( string, substring)</code> - returns the location of a substring in a string, 0 if not found. (<a href="https://www.techonthenet.com/sqlite/functions/instr.php" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://www.techonthenet.com/sqlite/functions/instr.php</a>) </p>
|
|||
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|
|||
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|||
|
|
<p>sqlite> SELECT instr('TechOnTheNet.com', 'T');<br>
|
|||
|
|
Result: 1</p>
|
|||
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|||
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|
|||
|
|
<p>I have not benchmarked against <code>LIKE</code>, but IMHO could be faster.</p>
|
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|
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|
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data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 4, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })">edited <span title="2019-01-06 09:22:03Z" class="relativetime">Jan 6 '19 at 9:22</span></a>
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answered <span title="2019-01-06 07:52:18Z" class="relativetime">Jan 6 '19 at 7:52</span>
|
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|
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|
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<a href="/users/5499118/alexei-martianov"><div class="gravatar-wrapper-32"><img src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/5a208904f0bcb017ca7ac854070f4b55?s=32&d=identicon&r=PG&f=1" alt="" width="32" height="32" class="bar-sm"></div></a>
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<div class="user-details" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person">
|
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|
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<a href="/users/5499118/alexei-martianov">Alexei Martianov</a><span class="d-none" itemprop="name">Alexei Martianov</span>
|
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<span class="reputation-score" title="reputation score " dir="ltr">2,311</span><span title="3 gold badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge1"></span><span class="badgecount">3</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">3 gold badges</span><span title="23 silver badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge2"></span><span class="badgecount">23</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">23 silver badges</span><span title="51 bronze badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge3"></span><span class="badgecount">51</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">51 bronze badges</span>
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